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3.  Advocacy Campaign Planning Guide 

Complete Guide

# Advocacy Campaign Planning

Proven frameworks for designing, executing, and evaluating advocacy campaigns that create lasting policy change.

Craig A. Bowman, Common Ground Consulting 

Updated February 2026 

Advocacy campaign planning is the systematic process of designing activities to influence government policies, corporate practices, or social norms. Unlike direct service delivery, advocacy seeks to change the rules, systems, and power structures that create problems in the first place.

**Research from the Center for Lobbying in the Public Interest** found that policy advocacy delivers an average return of **$115 in community benefit for every $1 invested**.

## Explore the Frameworks

[

### Nine Questions Framework

A systematic approach to developing advocacy strategy through nine essential questions.





](/resources/nine-questions)[

### Advocacy Campaign Cycle

Five phases: Identify, Research, Plan, Act, and Evaluate.





](/resources/campaign-cycle)[

### Problem Tree Analysis

Visual tool for analyzing root causes and consequences.





](/resources/problem-tree)[

### Stakeholder Mapping

Identify and prioritize stakeholders using the influence-support matrix.





](/resources/stakeholder-mapping)[

### Leadership Roles

The 11 essential leadership functions for advocacy movements.





](/resources/leadership-roles)[

### Advocacy FAQ

28 frequently asked questions about nonprofit advocacy.





](/resources/advocacy-faq)

## The Advocacy Campaign Cycle

1 

### Identify

Select your issue

2 

### Research

Gather evidence

3 

### Plan

Develop strategy

4 

### Act

Implement tactics

5 

### Evaluate

Learn & adapt

[Learn more about the Campaign Cycle](/resources/campaign-cycle)

## The Nine Questions Framework

1.  1. What do we want? 
2.  2. Who can give it to us? 
3.  3. What do they need to hear? 
4.  4. Who do they need to hear it from? 
5.  5. How can we get them to hear it? 
6.  6. What do we have? 
7.  7. What do we need to develop? 
8.  8. How do we begin? 
9.  9. How will we know if it's working? 

[Explore the Nine Questions](/resources/nine-questions)

## Writing SMART Objectives

**S**Specific **M**Measurable **A**Appropriate **R**Realistic **T**Time-bound 

Example: "By December 2025, pass legislation requiring all public schools to provide free breakfast to students."

**Information is power.** Research provides useful data, information, and evidence. Many campaigns fail because they skip the research phase and move directly to action without fully understanding the problem or the people with power to solve it.

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